Best deep-sky targets in April

Galaxies, nebulae and clusters that are well placed for imaging in April, from northern and southern latitudes. A target makes the list when it spends at least an hour above 30° in astronomical darkness on April 15 and is either in its best season or up for most of the dark night.

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New moon in April

The darkest nights fall around the new moon: , and (UTC). Galaxies and faint dust need those nights. Emission nebulae can be imaged with the moon up using a narrowband or dual-band filter. See the new moon calendar for dark weeks, or the dark sky calendar for moon-free hours at your location.

From 45° N

45° N is about the latitude of Minneapolis, Bordeaux and Milan. On April 15 a well-placed target can stay above 30° for up to 7.0 hours of astronomical darkness, and 60 targets are well placed. Top picks: Hercules Cluster (M 13), Bode's Galaxy (M 81), Pinwheel Galaxy (M 101), Cigar Galaxy (M 82).

Coming into season this month: M 12.

Galaxies 51

TargetTypeDark hours above 30°Highest
M 81Bode's GalaxyGalaxy7.0 h66°
M 101Pinwheel GalaxyGalaxy7.0 h81°
M 82Cigar GalaxyGalaxy7.0 h65°
M 51Whirlpool GalaxyGalaxy7.0 h88°
M 64Black Eye GalaxyGalaxy7.0 h67°
M 104Sombrero GalaxyGalaxy2.8 h33°
M 63Sunflower GalaxyGalaxy7.0 h87°
M 87Virgo GalaxyGalaxy6.3 h57°
NGC 4631Whale GalaxyGalaxy7.0 h78°
NGC 3628Hamburger GalaxyGalaxy5.3 h59°
41 more galaxies
TargetTypeDark hours above 30°Highest
M 99Coma PinwheelGalaxy6.3 h59°
M 102Spindle GalaxyGalaxy7.0 h79°
NGC 5907Splinter GalaxyGalaxy7.0 h79°
IC 2574Coddington's NebulaGalaxy7.0 h67°
NGC 4565Needle GalaxyGalaxy7.0 h71°
NGC 4656Hockey Stick GalaxyGalaxy pair7.0 h77°
M 94Galaxy7.0 h86°
M 49Galaxy6.0 h53°
NGC 2403Galaxy5.5 h69°
M 60Galaxy6.5 h57°
M 66Galaxy5.3 h58°
M 86Galaxy6.3 h58°
M 85Galaxy6.7 h63°
M 106Galaxy7.0 h88°
NGC 4697Galaxy4.7 h39°
NGC 4725Galaxy7.0 h71°
M 100Galaxy6.5 h61°
M 90Galaxy6.5 h58°
M 59Galaxy6.5 h57°
NGC 4449Galaxy7.0 h89°
M 84Galaxy6.3 h58°
NGC 4236Galaxy7.0 h66°
M 109Galaxy7.0 h82°
NGC 4216Galaxy6.2 h58°
NGC 4559Galaxy7.0 h73°
NGC 3344Galaxy5.3 h70°
NGC 5248Galaxy7.0 h54°
M 108Galaxy7.0 h79°
M 89Galaxy6.5 h58°
NGC 2841Galaxy5.7 h84°
NGC 4244Galaxy7.0 h83°
M 58Galaxy6.5 h57°
M 61Galaxy5.7 h49°
M 88Galaxy6.5 h59°
NGC 4088Galaxy7.0 h84°
NGC 5005Galaxy7.0 h82°
NGC 5033Galaxy7.0 h82°
M 98Galaxy6.3 h60°
M 91Galaxy6.7 h59°
NGC 3626Galaxy5.7 h63°
NGC 4889Galaxy7.0 h73°

Nebulae 2

TargetTypeDark hours above 30°Highest
NGC 6543Cat's Eye NebulaPlanetary nebula7.0 h68°
M 97Owl NebulaPlanetary nebula7.0 h80°

Star clusters 7

TargetTypeDark hours above 30°Highest
M 13Hercules ClusterGlobular cluster5.8 h81°
M 5Globular cluster5.0 h47°
M 12new this monthGlobular cluster3.2 h43°
M 3Globular cluster7.0 h73°
M 92Globular cluster5.7 h88°
M 53Globular cluster7.0 h63°
NGC 188Open cluster7.0 h50°

From 35° S

35° S is about the latitude of Sydney, Cape Town and Buenos Aires. On April 15 a well-placed target can stay above 30° for up to 10.0 hours of astronomical darkness, and 61 targets are well placed. Top picks: Carina Nebula (NGC 3372), Wishing Well Cluster (NGC 3532), Running Chicken Nebula (IC 2944), Pearl Cluster (NGC 3766).

Coming into season this month: S Nor Cluster, Fighting Dragons of Ara, NGC 6025, M 5, NGC 6101, NGC 5694.

Galaxies 34

TargetTypeDark hours above 30°Highest
M 83Southern Pinwheel GalaxyGalaxy9.7 h85°
NGC 5128Centaurus AGalaxy10.0 h82°
M 64Black Eye GalaxyGalaxy2.8 h33°
M 104Sombrero GalaxyGalaxy8.2 h67°
M 87Virgo GalaxyGalaxy5.2 h43°
NGC 3521Bubble GalaxyGalaxy6.0 h55°
NGC 3628Hamburger GalaxyGalaxy4.8 h41°
M 99Coma PinwheelGalaxy4.8 h41°
NGC 4038Antennae GalaxiesGalaxy7.8 h74°
NGC 4039Antennae GalaxiesGalaxy7.8 h74°
24 more galaxies
TargetTypeDark hours above 30°Highest
M 49Galaxy5.8 h47°
M 60Galaxy5.3 h43°
M 66Galaxy5.2 h42°
M 86Galaxy5.0 h42°
M 85Galaxy4.0 h37°
M 96Galaxy4.8 h43°
M 105Galaxy4.8 h42°
M 65Galaxy5.2 h42°
NGC 4697Galaxy7.7 h61°
M 100Galaxy4.5 h39°
M 90Galaxy5.0 h42°
M 59Galaxy5.3 h43°
M 84Galaxy5.0 h42°
M 95Galaxy4.8 h43°
NGC 4216Galaxy5.0 h42°
NGC 5248Galaxy5.7 h46°
M 89Galaxy5.2 h42°
M 58Galaxy5.3 h43°
M 61Galaxy6.5 h51°
M 88Galaxy4.8 h41°
M 98Galaxy4.7 h40°
M 91Galaxy4.7 h41°
NGC 3626Galaxy3.8 h37°
NGC 4945Galaxy10.0 h76°

Nebulae 9

TargetTypeDark hours above 30°Highest
NGC 3372Carina NebulaEmission nebula8.2 h65°
IC 2944Running Chicken NebulaCluster with nebula9.2 h62°
NGC 3242Jupiter's Ghost NebulaPlanetary nebula6.2 h74°
NGC 3132Eight-Burst NebulaPlanetary nebula6.7 h85°
C 99Coalsack NebulaDark nebula10.0 h61°
NGC 3576Statue of Liberty NebulaEmission nebula8.7 h64°
NGC 6188new this monthFighting Dragons of AraNebula7.5 h76°
NGC 2867Planetary nebula6.7 h67°
NGC 3195Planetary nebula9.7 h44°

Star clusters 18

TargetTypeDark hours above 30°Highest
NGC 3532Wishing Well ClusterOpen cluster8.3 h66°
NGC 3766Pearl ClusterOpen cluster9.0 h63°
NGC 5139Omega CentauriGlobular cluster10.0 h78°
NGC 6087new this monthS Nor ClusterOpen cluster8.2 h67°
NGC 4609Coalsack ClusterOpen cluster10.0 h62°
IC 2602Southern PleiadesOpen cluster8.3 h61°
NGC 4755Herschel's Jewel BoxOpen cluster10.0 h65°
NGC 6025new this monthOpen cluster8.5 h65°
M 5new this monthGlobular cluster6.7 h53°
M 53Globular cluster3.8 h37°
8 more star clusters
TargetTypeDark hours above 30°Highest
NGC 4833Globular cluster10.0 h54°
NGC 5823Open cluster9.3 h69°
M 68Globular cluster8.8 h82°
NGC 3201Globular cluster7.2 h79°
NGC 5286Globular cluster10.0 h74°
NGC 4372Globular cluster10.0 h52°
NGC 6101new this monthGlobular cluster8.8 h53°
NGC 5694new this monthGlobular cluster8.7 h82°

Filters for April's nebulae

9 of April's picks are emission nebulae, including the Cat's Eye Nebula, the Owl Nebula, the Carina Nebula. With a dual-band filter on a color camera they stay workable on the moonlit nights between the dark weeks.

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How this list is made

For each of the 272 targets in the target guide, the time spent above 30° while the sun is more than 18° below the horizon is worked out for the night of April 15, at 45° N and 35° S. A target is listed if it gets at least an hour and either has at least 80% of its best month's hours, or is up for at least 75% of the longest time any target gets that night. The first rule keeps low targets such as the Orion Nebula from northern sites; the second keeps summer targets whose best month is later only because the nights get longer.

Named and brighter objects are listed first. "Highest" is the altitude at which the target crosses the meridian, which may fall outside the dark hours. The moon is not counted here. The stars rise about four minutes earlier each night, so on the 1st each target reaches a given spot in the sky about an hour later in the night than on the 15th, and at the end of the month about an hour earlier. For your own location and date, open the imaging planner.